eva_bead_1/model/SnakeLevel.cs

using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Diagnostics;

namespace Snake.Model;

public class SnakeLevel : IDisposable{
    #region Enums
    /// <summary>
    /// States that a 'block' can be in
    /// </summary>
    public enum LevelBlock
    {
        Empty,
        Obstacle,
        Egg,
        Snake,
        SnakeHead,
        OutOfBounds
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// The directions that the snake can be headed
    /// </summary>
    public enum SnakeDirection
    {
        Up,
        Down,
        Left,
        Right
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// States that the game can be in
    /// </summary>
    public enum GameState
    {
        Running,
        Paused,
        Dead
    }
    #endregion

    #region Fields
    public static readonly TimeSpan TickTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500); // Time between two ingame ticks
    private readonly List<Point> _obstacles; // List of obstacles on the map
    private readonly List<Point> _snake; // Coordinates of the snake's body but not the head
    private readonly List<Point> _eggs; // Coordinates of the current eggs
    private int _round; // Countdown to till the new egg
    private ITimer timer; // The timer object
    private GameState _state; // The current game state
    private SnakeDirection _last_direction = SnakeDirection.Down; // The direction the snake moved last round
    private SnakeDirection _snake_head_direction; // Current direction of the snake
    internal bool _disable_snake_movement = false; // Snake movement can be disabled for testing
    internal bool _disable_egg_generation = false; // Egg generation can be turned off for testing
    #endregion

    #region Properties
    public int Size { get; } // Size of the map (The map is square)
    public int NewEggRound { get; } // How many rounds between new egg generation
    public ReadOnlyCollection<Point> Obstacles => _obstacles.AsReadOnly();
    public int EggLimit { get; } // Limit of how many eggs can be on the map

    public Point SnakeHead { get; private set; } // Coordinates of the head of the snake
    // Head is not in snake
    // First is closest to the head
    public ReadOnlyCollection<Point> Snake => _snake.AsReadOnly();
    public int SnakeLength => Snake.Count + 1; // Current length of the snake
    public ReadOnlyCollection<Point> Eggs => _eggs.AsReadOnly();

    public int Score { get; private set; } // Current score

    public GameState State
    {
        get => _state;
        private set
        {
            _state = value;
            if (_state == GameState.Dead)
            {
                timer.Change(Timeout.InfiniteTimeSpan, TickTimeSpan);
            }
            GameStateUpdate?.Invoke(this, _state);
        }
    }

    public SnakeDirection SnakeHeadDirection
    {
        get => _snake_head_direction;
        set
        {
            switch (value, _last_direction)
            {
                case { value: SnakeDirection.Up or SnakeDirection.Down, _last_direction: SnakeDirection.Left or SnakeDirection.Right }:
                case { value: SnakeDirection.Left or SnakeDirection.Right, _last_direction: SnakeDirection.Up or SnakeDirection.Down }:
                    _snake_head_direction = value;
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
    public LevelBlock this[Point p]
    {
        get
        {
            if (_obstacles.Contains(p))
            {
                return LevelBlock.Obstacle;
            }
            else if (p == SnakeHead)
            {
                return LevelBlock.SnakeHead;
            }
            else if (_snake.Contains(p))
            {
                return LevelBlock.Snake;
            }
            else if (_eggs.Contains(p))
            {
                return LevelBlock.Egg;
            }
            else if (p.X < 0 || p.Y < 0 || p.X >= Size || p.Y >= Size)
            {
                return LevelBlock.OutOfBounds;
            }

            return LevelBlock.Empty;
        }
    }
    #endregion

    #region Events
    public event EventHandler? GameUpdate; // The map was updated
    public event EventHandler<GameState>? GameStateUpdate; // The game state was updated
    #endregion

    #region Constructors
    public SnakeLevel(int size, IEnumerable<Point> obstacles, int snake_start_length, int new_egg_round, int egg_limit, TimeProvider time_provider){
        this.Size = size;
        this.NewEggRound = new_egg_round;
        this._round = NewEggRound;
        this.EggLimit = egg_limit;

        _obstacles = new List<Point>(obstacles);
        _eggs = [];
        _snake = [];
        
        SnakeHead = (size / 2, snake_start_length-1);
        for(int i= snake_start_length - 2; i>=0; i--){
            _snake.Add((size / 2, i));
        }

        _snake_head_direction = SnakeDirection.Down;
        _last_direction = SnakeDirection.Down;

        timer = time_provider.CreateTimer(new TimerCallback(_timer_Tick), null, Timeout.InfiniteTimeSpan, TickTimeSpan);

        _state = GameState.Paused;
    }

    public SnakeLevel(int size, IEnumerable<Point> obstacles, int snake_start_length, int new_egg_round, int egg_limit) : this(size, obstacles, snake_start_length, new_egg_round, egg_limit, TimeProvider.System)
    {
    }

    #endregion

    #region Event handlers
    private void _timer_Tick(object? state)
    {
        Tick();
        GameUpdate?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
    }
    #endregion

    #region Methods
    private void Tick(){
        if (!_disable_snake_movement)
        {
            Point new_snake_head = (0, 0);
            switch (SnakeHeadDirection)
            {
                case SnakeDirection.Up:
                    new_snake_head = (SnakeHead.X, SnakeHead.Y - 1);
                    break;
                case SnakeDirection.Down:
                    new_snake_head = (SnakeHead.X, SnakeHead.Y + 1);
                    break;
                case SnakeDirection.Left:
                    new_snake_head = (SnakeHead.X - 1, SnakeHead.Y);
                    break;
                case SnakeDirection.Right:
                    new_snake_head = (SnakeHead.X + 1, SnakeHead.Y);
                    break;
            }

            if (this[new_snake_head] is LevelBlock.Obstacle or LevelBlock.Snake or LevelBlock.OutOfBounds)
            {
                State = GameState.Dead;
                return;
            }

            Point last = _snake.Last();

            for (int i = Snake.Count - 1; i > 0; i--)
            {
                _snake[i] = _snake[i - 1];
            }
            _snake[0] = SnakeHead;

            if (this[new_snake_head] is LevelBlock.Egg)
            {
                _snake.Add(last);
                _eggs.Remove(new_snake_head);
                Score++;
            }

            SnakeHead = new_snake_head;
        }

        if (!_disable_egg_generation)
        {
            if (Eggs.Count < EggLimit && --_round == 0)
            {
                _round = NewEggRound;
                int avail_pos = Size * Size - Eggs.Count - Obstacles.Count - SnakeLength;
                if (avail_pos > 0)
                {
                    int pos = Random.Shared.Next(0, avail_pos);
                    Point p = (-1, 0);
                    for (int i = 0; i < pos + 1; i++)
                    {
                        do
                        {
                            p = (p.X + 1, p.Y);
                            if (p.X >= Size)
                            {
                                p = (0, p.Y + 1);
                            }
                        } while (this[p] is not LevelBlock.Empty) ;
                    }
                    _eggs.Add(p);
                }
            }
        }

        _last_direction = SnakeHeadDirection;
    }

    public void Start()
    {
        if(State == GameState.Paused)
        {
            State = GameState.Running;
            timer.Change(TickTimeSpan, TickTimeSpan);
        }
        else
        {
            throw new Exception("Game is not paused");
        }
    }

    public void Pause()
    {
        if(State == GameState.Running)
        {
            State = GameState.Paused;
            timer.Change(Timeout.InfiniteTimeSpan, TickTimeSpan);
        }
        else
        {
            throw new Exception("Game is not running");
        }
    }
    #endregion

    #region Testing
    internal void AddEgg(Point p)
    {
        _eggs.Add(p);
    }
    #endregion

    #region IDisposable
    private bool _disposed_value;
    protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
    {
        if (!_disposed_value)
        {
            if (disposing)
            {
                // TODO: dispose managed state (managed objects)
                timer.Dispose();
            }

            // TODO: free unmanaged resources (unmanaged objects) and override finalizer
            // TODO: set large fields to null
            _disposed_value = true;
        }
    }

    // // TODO: override finalizer only if 'Dispose(bool disposing)' has code to free unmanaged resources
    // ~SnakeLevel()
    // {
    //     // Do not change this code. Put cleanup code in 'Dispose(bool disposing)' method
    //     Dispose(disposing: false);
    // }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        // Do not change this code. Put cleanup code in 'Dispose(bool disposing)' method
        Dispose(disposing: true);
        GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
    }
    #endregion
}